Accidentals
Sharps, flats and naturals that do not appear in a key signature.
Dotted Half Notes
Half notes whose lengths are increased by half; equal to three quarter notes.
Fermatas
Indications placed above or below notes instructing the player to hold those notes longer than their original notated length.
Five Finger Scales
Simple five-note scales whose notes fit within a comfortable hand shape; applied when more than one such scale appears in a piece.
Legato
A type of articulation indicating the player to play smoothly and seamlessly, with the notes slightly overlapped.
Quarter Notes
Notes whose lengths are equal to one-fourth the value of a whole note.
Sustain Pedal
Also called the damper pedal, it is the rightmost pedal on the piano and used to sustain notes by moving the dampers away from the strings.
Ties
Symbols indicating that two notes are to be played as one with the value equal to their sum.