Expression

Indications instructing the player to play gradually louder (crescendo) or softer (diminuendo).

Hand and Finger Techniques

The physical motion of crossing fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5 over the thumb; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Chords

Four-note chords comprised of the root, minor 3rd, diminished 5th, and diminished 7th; typically have a dominant function.

Chords

Four-note chords comprised of the root, major 3rd, perfect 5th, and minor 7th.

Rhythm

8th notes whose lengths are increased by half; equal to three 16th notes.

Intervals

Two notes played in succession, usually in one hand but sometimes in both, whose distance is the interval of a 3rd of any quality.

Notation

A symbol indicating that a section should be repeated.

Intervals

The same note that occurs several times in a row throughout a piece.

Hand and Finger Techniques

A technique that requires the player to pick up and move their hand to a new position; usually from a five finger scale to another.

Meter

A time signature where the fundamental beat is subdivided into groupings of two.

Expression

A type of articulation indicating the player to play short and light; notes not held for their full value.

Meter

More than one tempo indication used in a single piece or movement.

Expression

Two notes connected together smoothly where the second note is played softer and lighter.

Scales

More than key signature used in a single piece or movement.

Hand and Finger Techniques

A technique that involves quickly shifting hands beyond an octave.

Rhythm

Notes that occur several times in a row throughout a piece in mainly 16th note rhythms.