Variations on Balkan Themes Op.60

Amy Beach

A type of technically challenging and musically complex texture where one or both hands play several voices simultaneously.

A series of parallel octaves played simultaneously in both hands.

A technique that involves quickly shifting hands beyond an octave.

A trembling effect that is achieved by playing rapidly repeating notes in succession. 

An ornament consisting of a rapid alternation between two adjacent notes, either a semitone or whole tone apart.

A series of blocked octaves that are played one hand at a time and where additional notes of different qualities are added in between the octaves.

8th notes whose lengths are increased by half; equal to three 16th notes.

Notes whose values are determined by a subdivision into three-note groupings instead of two or four.

Additional lines added above or below the staff in order to place very high or very low notes that wouldn't normally fit on the staff.

An indication instructing the player to play extremely softly; softer than pianissimo.

The left pedal, which moves the keyboard so that the hammers play less strings, creating a softer or lighter sound.

An indication instructing the player to play very softly; softer than piano.

An indication instructing the player to play louder or more forcefully than the surrounding music, typically louder than an accent.

Two notes connected together smoothly where the second note is played softer and lighter.

Notes whose values are determined by a subdivision into groupings of six notes.

A blocked chord whose notes are played quickly in succession which gives the chord a harp-like sound.

An indication instructing the player to play very loudly; louder than forte.

Leaps greater than an octave that are to be executed at a fast speed and in succession. 

Hand position changes, less than an octave, that are to be executed at a fast speed and in succession. 

Indications placed above or below notes instructing the player to hold those notes longer than their original notated length.