Carol Klose

Symbols that indicate different measures to play during repeated sections.

1st and 2nd Endings

Notes whose lengths are equal to one-eighth the value of a whole note or half the value of a quarter note.

Silence that equals the length of one 8th note.

Sharps, flats and naturals that do not appear in a key signature.

Sometimes called upbeats or pickup notes; a note or series of notes that precede and give stress to the first downbeat of a piece.

Two notes played together, usually in one hand but sometimes in both, whose distance is the interval of a 2nd of any quality.

Two notes played together, usually in one hand but sometimes in both, whose distance is the interval of a 3rd of any quality.

Half notes whose lengths are increased by half; equal to three quarter notes.

Quarter notes whose lengths are increased by half; equal to three 8th notes.

A type of accompaniment pattern where only one note is played at a time, usually within a single five finger scale and with simple rhythms.

Simple five-note scales whose notes fit within a comfortable hand shape; applied when more than one such scale appears in a piece.

Silence that equals the length of one half note.

A type of articulation indicating the player to play smoothly and seamlessly, with the notes slightly overlapped.

A simple melody line shared by both the right hand and the left hand.

Silence that equals the length of one quarter note.

A symbol indicating that a section should be repeated.

A technique that requires the player to pick up and move their hand to a new position; usually from a five finger scale to another.

A time signature where the fundamental beat is subdivided into groupings of two.

A type of articulation indicating the player to play short and light; notes not held for their full value.

A technique of playing 8th notes where the first 8th note is held longer than the second of a grouping of two; used often in jazz and blues.