24 Etudes Op. 29

Henri Bertini

Indications instructing the player to put special emphasis on notes.

Accents

Broken chords that have a minimum range of an octave and require thumb crossing.

Arpeggios

Chord tones played together that are not part of an accompaniment pattern.

Blocked Chords

Indications instructing the player to play gradually louder (crescendo) or softer (diminuendo).

Crescendo and Diminuendo

Notes that are tied for extended periods, often over several measures.

Held Notes

A type of articulation indicating the player to play smoothly and seamlessly, with the notes slightly overlapped.

Legato

Symbols indicating that two notes are to be played as one with the value equal to their sum.

Ties

A type of accompaniment pattern that primarily uses major and minor triads with simple or slow-moving rhythms.

Blocked Chord Accompaniment

Passages with constant step-wise motion and mainly 8th note rhythmic values.

8th Note Scale Passages

The physical motion of crossing fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5 over the thumb; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Crossing Over Thumb

The physical motion of crossing the thumb under fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Crossing Thumb Under

A four note chord consisting of a triad and a note that is a seventh (of any quality) above the root.

Seventh Chords

Hand positions that require stretching beyond a five finger scale; usually to play intervals that are 6ths or greater.

Extended Hand Positions

Arpeggios played with predominantly 8th note rhythms.

8th Note Arpeggios

Notes whose lengths are equal to one-eighth the value of a whole note or half the value of a quarter note.

8th Notes

Silence that equals the length of one quarter note.

Quarter Rests

Notes whose lengths are equal to one-fourth the value of a whole note.

Quarter Notes

Half notes whose lengths are increased by half; equal to three quarter notes.

Dotted Half Notes

Notes whose lengths are equal to one half the value of a whole note.

Half Notes

A simple melody line shared by both the right hand and the left hand.

Mezzo Forte

A sign that tells the player to play gradually softer.

Diminuendo

An indication instructing the player to play softly.

Piano

An indication instructing the player to play loudly.

Forte

An indication instructing the player to play very loudly; louder than forte.

Fortissimo

Sharps, flats and naturals that do not appear in a key signature.

Accidentals

A sign placed in front of a note that raises its pitch by a half step.

Sharp

A sign placed in front of a note that returns its pitch back to normal (returning to a white key).

Etude in D Major Op. 29, No. 12

Henri Bertini

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