24 Etudes Op. 29

Henri Bertini

Notes whose lengths are equal to one-sixteenth the value of a whole note or one quarter of a quarter note.

16th Notes

Sharps, flats and naturals that do not appear in a key signature.

Accidentals

Chord tones played together that are not part of an accompaniment pattern.

Blocked Chords

Indications instructing the player to play gradually louder (crescendo) or softer (diminuendo).

Crescendo and Diminuendo

Notes that are tied for extended periods, often over several measures.

Held Notes

A type of texture where the left hand plays the melody and the right hand plays the accompaniment for an extended period of time.

Left Hand Melody

A type of articulation indicating the player to play smoothly and seamlessly, with the notes slightly overlapped.

Legato

Two notes connected together smoothly where the second note is played softer and lighter.

Two Note Slurs

More than one clef used in a staff in a single piece or movement.

Clef Changes

A technique that requires the player to pick up and move their hand to a new position; usually from a five finger scale to another.

Shifting Hand Positions

Hand positions that require stretching beyond a five finger scale; usually to play intervals that are 6ths or greater.

Extended Hand Positions

The physical motion of crossing the thumb under fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Crossing Thumb Under

The physical motion of crossing fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5 over the thumb; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Crossing Over Thumb

An accompaniment that uses a variety of blocked intervals with a relatively equal rate of occurrence. 

Blocked Intervals Accompaniment

An indication instructing the player to play very loudly; louder than forte.

Fortissimo

An indication instructing the player to play softly.

Piano

A sign that tells the player to play gradually softer.

Diminuendo

A sign that tells the player to play gradually louder.

Crescendo

An indication instructing the player to play loudly.

Forte

Indications instructing the player to put special emphasis on notes.

Accents

Notes whose lengths are equal to one-fourth the value of a whole note.

Quarter Notes

Whole Notes

Notes whose lengths are equal to one-eighth the value of a whole note or half the value of a quarter note.

8th Notes

Silence that equals the length of one 16th note.

16th Rest

Silence that equals the length of one 8th note.

8th Rests

Half notes whose lengths are increased by half; equal to three quarter notes.

Dotted Half Notes

Notes whose lengths are equal to one half the value of a whole note.

Half Notes

A type of texture where one or both hands play more than one voice at a time with large intervals, many hand positions, and complex rhythms.

Etude in C Major Op. 29, No. 8

Henri Bertini

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