24 Etudes Op. 29

Henri Bertini

Sharps, flats and naturals that do not appear in a key signature.

Accidentals

Indications instructing the player to play gradually louder (crescendo) or softer (diminuendo).

Crescendo and Diminuendo

Notes that are tied for extended periods, often over several measures.

Held Notes

A type of texture where the left hand plays the melody and the right hand plays the accompaniment for an extended period of time.

Left Hand Melody

A type of articulation indicating the player to play smoothly and seamlessly, with the notes slightly overlapped.

Legato

Two notes played in succession, usually in one hand but sometimes in both, whose distance is the interval of a 3rd of any quality.

Melodic 3rds

More than one tempo indication used in a single piece or movement.

Tempo Changes

A sign placed in front of a note that raises its pitch by a half step.

Sharp

A sign placed in front of a note that returns its pitch back to normal (returning to a white key).

Natural

A sign placed in front of a note that lowers its pitch by a half step.

Flat

Notes whose lengths are equal to one-eighth the value of a whole note or half the value of a quarter note.

8th Notes

Silence that equals the length of one 8th note.

8th Rests

Notes whose lengths are equal to one-fourth the value of a whole note.

Quarter Notes

Half notes whose lengths are increased by half; equal to three quarter notes.

Dotted Half Notes

Notes whose lengths are equal to one half the value of a whole note.

Half Notes

Symbols indicating that two notes are to be played as one with the value equal to their sum.

Ties

A type of texture where one or both hands play more than one voice at a time with large intervals, many hand positions, and complex rhythms.

Intermediate Two Voices in One Hand

Whole Notes

Silence that equals the length of one quarter note.

Quarter Rests

Silence that equals the length of one half note.

Half Rests

A technique that requires the player to pick up and move their hand to a new position; usually from a five finger scale to another.

Shifting Hand Positions

More than one clef used in a staff in a single piece or movement.

Clef Changes

An accompaniment that uses a variety of blocked intervals with a relatively equal rate of occurrence. 

Blocked Intervals Accompaniment

A series of any amount or quality of blocked 3rd intervals that are played in one hand, and where both notes move up or down in parallel motion.

Parallel 3rds

A series of parallel 3rds of any quality played up or down the chromatic scale using any rhythmic values.

Chromatic Scales in 3rds

Two notes connected together smoothly where the second note is played softer and lighter.

Two Note Slurs

The physical motion of crossing fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5 over the thumb; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Crossing Over Thumb

The physical motion of crossing the thumb under fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Crossing Thumb Under

A type of accompaniment pattern where only one note is played at a time but with large intervals, many hand positions, and complex rhythms.

Intermediate Single Note Accompaniment

An indication instructing the player to play loudly.

Forte

A sign that tells the player to play gradually louder.

Crescendo

An indication instructing the player to play softly.

Piano

Indications instructing the player to put special emphasis on notes.

Accents

A sign that tells the player to play gradually softer.

Diminuendo

A simple melody line shared by both the right hand and the left hand.

Etude in C Major Op. 29, No. 24

Henri Bertini

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