24 Etudes Op. 29

Henri Bertini

Passages with constant step-wise motion and mainly 16th note rhythmic values.

16th Note Scale Passages

Sharps, flats and naturals that do not appear in a key signature.

Accidentals

Chord tones played together that are not part of an accompaniment pattern.

Blocked Chords

Two notes played together, usually in one hand but sometimes in both, whose distance is the interval of a octave.

Blocked Octaves

An indication instructing the player to play loudly.

Forte

A type of articulation indicating the player to play smoothly and seamlessly, with the notes slightly overlapped.

Legato

Symbols that indicate playing a note or range of notes either an octave higher or lower than notated.

Octave Higher or Octave Lower

An indication instructing the player to play softly.

Piano

A type of articulation indicating the player to play short and light; notes not held for their full value.

Staccato

A series of parallel octaves played simultaneously in both hands.

Double Octaves

The physical motion of crossing fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5 over the thumb; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Crossing Over Thumb

The physical motion of crossing the thumb under fingers 2, 3, 4, or 5; used when playing scalar passages or outside of five finger scales.

Crossing Thumb Under

More than one clef used in a staff in a single piece or movement.

Clef Changes

A sign placed in front of a note that raises its pitch by a half step.

Sharp

A sign placed in front of a note that lowers its pitch by a half step.

Flat

A sign placed in front of a note that returns its pitch back to normal (returning to a white key).

Natural

A type of accompaniment pattern that primarily uses major and minor triads with simple or slow-moving rhythms.

Blocked Chord Accompaniment

A simple melody line shared by both the right hand and the left hand.

Mezzo Forte

A sign that tells the player to play gradually louder.

Crescendo

A sign that tells the player to play gradually softer.

Diminuendo

An indication instructing the player to play very loudly; louder than forte.

Fortissimo

Indications instructing the player to put special emphasis on notes.

Accents

Two notes connected together smoothly where the second note is played softer and lighter.

Etude in A Minor Op. 29, No. 18

Henri Bertini

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